"Discourse Analysis" means the examination and study of communicative
events. The term “communicative event” refers to any act of communication
whether it is written, spoken, pictorial, or sign. A communicative event can
consist of anything from a single morpheme (a single meaningful unit of language
such as a word or a meaningful part of a word) to a book, speech, film, TV
series, political speech, news report, or other semiotic event.
Critical Theory is a Marxist inspired movement in social and political philosophy which is primarily associated with the work of the Frankfurt School. Critical Theory is a family of theories from Critical RaceTheory Critical Gender Studies, to Critical Discourse Studies, including Critical Discourse Analysis. The main goal of Critical Theory based study is the critic and transformation of society by challenging the production and reproduction of power abuse or domination. (VanDijk, 2001, 96)
Theories of Discourse Analysis are becoming
increasingly multi-modal: that is they are incorporating approaches and methods outside of strictly linguistic studies in order to explain socio-cultural, and political events. Discourse Analysis has therefore evolved from being primarily linguistic, to incorporating social, cultural, historical, psychological, and cognitive theories. The reason for this is that; language is
psychological, it develops historically, it is shaped by and shapes society,
culture and politics, and, it plays an important role in developing and
shaping human cognitive predispositions which are core to social norms and social change.
Discourse Analysis becomes Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) when the forms, structures, content and function of language are analysed with consideration to the structures of societal, political, and cultural power they enact, reproduce, maintain and control. CDA takes the view that power operates through discourse structures which are necessarily located historically, socially, politically, culturally and cognitively.
Discourse Analysis becomes Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) when the forms, structures, content and function of language are analysed with consideration to the structures of societal, political, and cultural power they enact, reproduce, maintain and control. CDA takes the view that power operates through discourse structures which are necessarily located historically, socially, politically, culturally and cognitively.
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